Who files a criminal case in court?

The state prosecutor files a criminal case in court because they represent the government and act in the interest of public safety and justice. In the criminal justice system, the prosecutor is responsible for deciding whether to bring charges against an individual based on evidence provided by law enforcement. Their role is to ensure that prosecution is conducted fairly and ethically, upholding the law while also representing the interests of the public. This authority comes from the fact that criminal offenses are considered violations of the law that affect society as a whole, rather than solely personal grievances between individuals.

In contrast, while victims can report crimes and may provide testimony, they do not have the legal authority to initiate criminal proceedings, which is within the purview of the state. A defendant's attorney is focused on defending their client against the charges brought forth by the prosecutor and does not file cases in court. Lastly, a jury serves as a fact-finding body to determine guilt or innocence during a trial, but they do not initiate or file cases.