Which case established the requirement for law enforcement to inform individuals of their rights while in custody?

Miranda v. Arizona is foundational in establishing the requirement for law enforcement to inform individuals of their rights while in custody. This case, decided in 1966, addressed the issue of self-incrimination during police interrogations. The Supreme Court ruled that individuals who are taken into custody must be informed of their rights to remain silent and to have an attorney present during questioning. This ruling was pivotal in ensuring that any statements made by an individual during an interrogation can be used in court only if they voluntarily and knowingly waived their rights after being informed of them.

The emphasis on informing individuals of their rights serves to protect the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination and is a critical component of due process. By requiring these warnings, the Court aimed to prevent coercive interrogation practices that could lead to false confessions and ensure that individuals understand their rights during potentially intimidating encounters with law enforcement.