What is meant by the term 'actus reus'?

The term 'actus reus' refers specifically to the physical act of committing a crime. It encompasses the actions or conduct that constitute a criminal offense. In the context of criminal law, establishing 'actus reus' is essential, as it indicates that a person's behavior led to the perpetration of a crime. This concept is crucial for differentiating between mere thoughts or intentions and actual criminal activity, as a person can think about committing a crime without engaging in the act itself. Thus, 'actus reus' serves as a foundational element in proving criminal liability, alongside the mental state or intent required (often referred to as 'mens rea') for a complete understanding of a criminal act.