What is a legal document ordering a person to testify in a court of law?

A legal document ordering a person to testify in a court of law is a subpoena. This document compels the individual to appear in court at a specified time and place to provide testimony related to a case. Subpoenas can also be used to require the production of evidence, such as documents or records, that are pertinent to a legal proceeding.

The role of a subpoena is critical in legal processes as it helps ensure that all necessary evidence and witness testimonies are available for the court to make informed decisions. It balances the need for thorough investigation and presentation of evidence while also upholding the legal rights of individuals to be heard in court.

In contrast, other options like an affidavit serve as a sworn written statement used to present evidence but do not compel appearance. An indictment is a formal charge or accusation of a serious crime, and a summons is a document notifying a party that they are being sued and must respond to a complaint, rather than a directive to testify.